Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Sirpa Kurppa
Natural Resources Institute Finland, Finland
Keynote: Recycle nutrients today for a better tomorrow
Time : 09:00-09:30
Biography:
Sirpa Kurppa is a specialist in the ecology of food production systems. She has wide-ranging science experience from more than 30 years, and has provided expert input into EU Rural Foresight studies and into work of the Committee for the Future of the Finnish Parliament, into the National Food Strategy and into the Strategy for Sustainable Consumption and Production. She attended preparing a proposal on green growth for the Finnish Parliament and preparing the Finnish strategy for bioeconomy. From 2013-2015, she was a member in the EU Bioeconomy Panel, and from 2014 a member of the National Nutrition Council.
Abstract:
Accelerated cycling of nutrients is principally due to three changes in the global food system: Increase in population, changes in diet towards more phosphorous (P) and nitrogen (N) intensive products, and industrialization of agriculture. Methodology nutrient footprint takes into account 1) the amount of nutrients taken into use as virgin or recycled nutrients and 2) the efficiency of these nutrients utilized in the particular production chain. At the same time, nutrient losses at each life cycle phase are identified. Hence, the nutrient footprint is an indicator, which combines the amount of captured nutrients, kg of N and P, for use in the production chain and the share of nutrients utilized % either in the primary product itself or in the entire production chain, accounting also for secondary products. The nutrient footprint methodology seems to have potential in assessing the nutrient balances of food chains as well other bio-based production chains. It offers information about the nutrient usage and utilization efficiency in a simple and comparable form. The definition of the hot spots of nutrient leakage of the entire food chain, in order to be able to close them, is essential to determine in transition towards sustainable nutrient economy and proper nutrient performance. The food chain can be remarkably improved with of the Nutrient Footprint-tool by improving the efficiency of nutrient use of the whole chain or the part of the chain. The results can be adapted as general view of nutrient management in communication with consumers and politicians.
Keynote Forum
Irene M C LO
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, China
Keynote: Food waste collection and recycling for renewable biogas fuel production in Hong Kong
Time : 09:30-10:00
Biography:
Irene M C LO is currently a full Professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. She is an elected Academician of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts, Fellow of the Hong Kong Institution of Engineers, and Fellow of the American Society of Civil Engineers. She received her PhD degree in Civil (Environmental) Engineering from the University of Texas at Austin in 1992. She has held 2 patents, edited 7 technical books, and published over 260 SCI journal articles and conference papers with citations about 4500 and H-index of 35.
Abstract:
To tackle the food waste issue in Hong Kong, a framework of food waste collection and recycling for food waste valorization is proposed. The framework consists of a simple food waste separation and collection process involving less behavioral change of residents and food waste recycling for renewable biogas fuel production. Food waste can be packed in an optic bag (i.e., green bag), while the residual municipal solid waste (MSW) can be packed in a common plastic bag. All the wastes are then sent to the refuse transfer stations, in which food waste is separated from the residual MSW using an optic sensor. The optic sensor can achieve a separation efficiency of food waste and residual MSW as high as 98%. The collected food waste is then sent to the proposed Organic Waste Treatment Facilities for biogas production via anaerobic digestion technology. The biogas (with methane content of 50-70% by volume) can be upgraded using water scrubbing technology and valorized as a biogas fuel for vehicle use (with methane content of 98% by volume). The application of biogas vehicle fuel from food waste has been widely adopted by some countries such as Sweden, Norway, and France. By converting 1,080 tonnes per day of food waste into biogas fuel as a petrol substitute for vehicle use in Hong Kong, it is estimated to fuel around 12,000 passenger cars per day, equivalent to about 2.6% of registered passenger cars in Hong Kong. In addition, it reduces about 1.9% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the transport sector. This percentage reduction is higher than the percentage reduction of GHG emissions for the transport sector in Hong Kong in 2010 with reference to the year 2005.
Keynote Forum
François O. MÉAR
Lille North of France University, France
Keynote: E-BABE- From waste CRT glasses to foam glass: a case of study to re-use electric and electronic end of life materials
Time : 10:00-10:30
Biography:
Francois O. Méar has completed his PhD at the age of 29 years from Montpellier II University and postdoctoral studies from Cambridge and Tohoku University. He is assistant professor at Lille I University and specificly in the Catalysis and Solid State Chemistry Unit. FOM is working on the formulation of glass matrices for unconventional applications (e.g. containment matrices for nuclear waste, seals glass for SOFC) and on the synthesis of self-healing glassy matrices. He has published more than 35 papers in reputed journals, 1 patent and 2 book chapters.
Abstract:
Necessity of recycling industrial wastes figures among daily environmental and economic priorities. Glass is known as an "eternal" recyclable material. Generally, glass cullet is re-used in the container and window glass industry. For cathode ray tube (CRT) glass, the situation is different. This work is devoted to search of possible applications for waste cathode-ray tubes (CRTs) glasses. Heavy elements contained in the glasses are required be buried land field by producers and recyclers of CRT’s.rnFoam glass seems to be the most promising for waste CRT glasses recycling. Today, commercial foam glasses are used for thermal and acoustic insulation applications resulting of their porous structure. The foam glass is obtained after heat treatment of a powder mixture of the CRT glass and reducing agent such as titanium nitride or silicon carbide. The basic principle of foam glass manufacture is to generate a gas, by reaction with the reducing agent. The gas expands thus producing a structure of cells to form a porous body.
Keynote Forum
Gary Leeke
Cranfield University,UK
Keynote: Recycling of Carbon Fibre: Re-use and Re-manufacture
Time : 10:45-11:05
Biography:
Gary Leeke is Chair in Chemcial Engineering and Head of the Bioenergy and Resource Management Centre at Cranfield University, UK. His research interests lie in the areas of recycling enabling technologies and resource efficiency. He has expertise in high pressure engineering and thermo-chemical processing, specifically in reaction engineering, separation technology, flow reactors, and their applications to polymer/composite processing and remanufacture, mixed plastic waste and the circular economy. He leads the EXHUME project in the UK investigating the deconstruction of fibre reinforced composites. Gary sits on the Composites Leadership Forum Sustainability Working Group for Composites UK
Abstract:
With the ever increasing use of carbon fibre reinforced composites (CFRCs), there is growing concern regarding the level of waste the industry is expected to produce. Approximations vary, but some estimates state the demand will increase by up to 10%per year from 78 kt in 2014 to 150 kt in 2020. In addition to various products reaching end-of-life, there is also the necessity to dispose of waste generated from the manufacturing process, which can be up to 40% of all the material needing reprocessing. Despite being a relatively cheap disposal method at £82.60 per tonne in the UK, landfilling waste is the least preferred option and is already outlawed in Germany with other countries expected to follow suit. Commercial recycling technologies for CFRCs focus on the use of pyrolysis but do not effectively close the loop due to the loss of the polymer matrix which is typically about 50 wt.%. Chemical recycling (solvolysis) uses an appropriate solvent to depolymerise the resin and release the fibres and eventually, the fillers or inserts. This approach enables the recovery of monomers and other chemicals from the resin and high-quality fibres. In this presentation the viable recycling methods are presented and discussed, together with their LCA. Demonstrator products manufactured from fibres recovered after a solvolysis recycling process are presented, in particular materials with randomly distributed carbon fibre tows and materials with realigned carbon fibre tows, of which the mechanical properties were measured. The results are discussed in relationship with the material structure and composition.
- Special Session on : Recycling system and technologies towards circulatory economy
Chair
Prof. Takashi Nakamura
Tohoku University, Japan
Session Introduction
Takashi Nakamura
Tohoku University, Japan
Title: Recycling of critical metals for circulatory economy in Japan
Time : 11:05-11:30
Biography:
Takashi Nakamura completed his MASc in Metallurgy from Kyushu University, Japan in 1974, PhD in Metallurgy in 1979 from the same university. He became Lecturer in Kyushu Institute of Technology (1977), Associate Professor (1981) and Professor (1991). In 1998, he was appointed as a Professor at Institute for Advanced Materials Processing, Tohoku University. From 2001, he is a Professor at Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University.
Abstract:
An achievement of circulatory society would be one of smart ways to establish sustainable and low carbon society. 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) concept in end of life products is now well known but further collaboration between manufacture industry and recycling industry to create a circulatory society. Let us consider the economics of cyclical usage. We do not have a sufficient recycling ratio for minor metals, even those with high prices. The recycling ratios for minor rare metals and some non-ferrous metals, all of which are relatively expensive, have not always been high. The reason is partly that it is difficult to collect scrap from in-use markets, and that scrap containing unstable impurities is hardly used in mass-production processes. Therefore, collection system is essential to recycling of critical metals. Dismantling and detachment of parts from e-scrap are essential and involve higher cost techniques in pretreatment processes for physical separation. New techniques are desired for effective recycling of critical metals. Therefore, we are trying to develop new detachment processes such as a new break down process. Also, in the case of metallurgical production, with its intrinsic potential of smelting, extraction, enrichment and separation methods play an important role in the context of critical metals also. Present status of critical metal recycling in Japan will be presented in this presentation.
Shuji Owada
Waseda University Faculty of Science and Engineering, Japan
Title: Novel metal recycling process by applying intelligent comminution and sorting
Time : 11:30-11:55
Biography:
Shuji owada currently working as a professor in Waseda University, Japan. He complted his M.Eng., in Mineral Processing from Waseda University, Japan, 1981. He Completed his Ph.D. in Mineral Processing from the same Waseda University, Japan, 1984. He started working as a lecturer in 1984 in Waseda University and later on he continues his work as a associate professor in 1986 and now he is a professor in the same university.
Abstract:
Conventional metal recycling process usually involves comminution, phisical concentration, pyro- and hydro-metallurgical stages to produce high purity metal phases. Separation accuracy is high in the last two stages but not relatively low in the first two stages because the target materials of solid phase treatment are quite heterogeneous. Recently, an innovative development of comminution and physical separation stages has achieved, such as selective crushing with heating-quenching, microwave irradiation, electric disintegration/fragmentation, surface grinding, etc. and various sensor based sorting technologies, NIR, XRT, XRF, LIBS, and so on. The paper introduces several examples of the above technologies for concentrating minor rare metals from WEEE, PGMs (platinum group metals) from spent automobile catalyst, and for mutual separation of aluminum alloys in the scraps. The author also proposes several novel metals recycling processes by combining such brandnew technologies in order to reduce the total energy required in the processes. It was assumed from life cycle assessment that one of the processes could produce high purity metal phase with almost one third energy.
Chiharu Tokoro
Waseda University, Japan
Title: Physical concentration of tantalum from WEEEs
Time : 11:55-12:20
Biography:
Chiharu Tokoro has received her ME from the Department of Geosystem Engineering in 2000 at the University of Tokyo and undertook her Doctor of Engineering in 2003 from the University of Tokyo. In 2004, she has joined Waseda University as a Research Associate being promoted to full-time Lecturer in 2007 to Associate Professor in 2009 and to Professor of Department of Resources and Environmental Engineering in 2015. Her research interests are resources processing from refractory ores or wastes and environmental purification of wastewater or soil contaminated by toxic inorganic elements.
Abstract:
An appropriate comminution and physical separation process for tantalum (Ta) concentration from printed circuit boards (PCBs) in waste electric and electronic equipments (WEEEs) was investigated in this study. To accomplish this, two-step comminution in which PCBs were detached from WEEEs at first, followed by part detachment from PCBs was effective because Ta is generally used in a specific part on the board, that is, “tantalum capacitor”. High Ta concentrate was achieved by comminution using drum typed mill with chain typed agitator, followed by air separation using double tube pneumatic separator. Higher Ta concentrate was achieved by heating to 473 K in the mill because a part of solder was melted and tantalum capacitor could be simply released from the board by milder comminution force. To reveal the mechanism of breakage phenomena in comminution/detachment process of PCBs, computer simulation using discrete element method (DEM) was carried out. Comminution test was conducted using simulant PCBs with solder mounted capacitors and compared to simulation results in which the shape of simulant PCBs and chain of the agitator was represented using particle based rigid body model. Simulation results successfully corresponded to comminution experimental results. Simulation results suggested that chain typed agitator mill promotes interaction between a board and another board which is most important mechanism for parts detachment from the boards, because the chain could give wide variety of energy to boards due to their deformation.
Kotaro Shimizu
Mitsubishi UFJ Research and Consulting, Japan
Title: Overall optimizing of automobile recycling system in Japan
Time : 12:20-12:45
Biography:
Kotaro Shimizu completed his Master of Science degree from Waseda University, Japan in 2002. He joined UFJ Research Institute (present organization: Mitsubishi UFJ Research and Consulting), a policy institute in Japan, as a analyst of environment and energy field in that year, was promoted to the chief analyst of the resource and energy field in 2010 and is working as the section leader of the resource and energy division. He and his staff have completed more than 200 reports to governmental and private organizations in the fields of mining, smelting, manufacturing, waste management and recycling.
Abstract:
System disign of the whole life cycle of resources which minimizes burden on the environment, reduces consumption of natural resources, and lowers social costs are current issues on policy making in the field of manufacturing and “3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle)”. Overall optimizing of recycling system for upgrading resource efficiency is one of important technical and political topics in the world. We have run an experimental project for overall optimizing of automobile recycling system by improving dismantlment of end-of life vehicles (ELVs) in Japan, which has been funded by the Ministry of the Environment Government of Japan. In this research, glass, resin containing halogen and computer boxes have been recovered in advance in order to reduce the content of inhibitor elements in automotive shredder residue (ASR) and pressed steel scraps. Reducing the content of halogen elements (washing machine hose, weather stripping etc.) and glass (front window shield, side and rear windows etc.) in the ASR and the pressed steel scrap, it has not only reduced emission of carbon dioxide but improved profitability in total recycling processes (dismantling process, cement manufacture process and electrical furnace process). These results revealed that better practices of dismantling and sophisticated applications of scraps are expected to reduce the environmental load and upgrade resource efficiency in the recycling system of automobile. The profitability of the material manufacturer process is expected to be improved through a reduction in expenses and a slight increase in profits.
- Track 1: Recycling BasicsTrack 4:Solid Waste ManagementTrack 6: Waste Water RecyclingTrack 10: Agriculural waste recycling
Chair
Hesham Ali
Florida International University, USA
Co-Chair
Muscolo Adele
Mediterranea University, Italy
Session Introduction
Antonio Moran
University of Leon, Spain
Title: Bioelectrochemical systems for treatment of liquid effluents
Time : 12:45-13:05
Biography:
Antonio Moran has been involved in several nationals and internationals projects. He is working in the optimization of biogas and bio-hydrogen production from biowastes, and in some cooperative projects related to wastewater treatment by Microbial Electrolysis Cells (MEC). He is the Co-ordinator of the Engineering PhD l program in Leon University. He has published more than 80 papers in reputed journals. He has actuated as referee of some scientific journals and evaluator of national and international projects (different countries and European Commission).
Abstract:
Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC) and Microbial Electrolysis Cells (MEC) have emerged during the last years as an alternative to conventional wastewater treatments. These treatments commonly called Bioelectrochemical Systems (BES) can offer substantial advantages from the economic and environmental perspective since they allow the recovery of a fraction of the energy initially present in the organic matter contained in wastewaters. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that BES can also perform combined carbon and nitrogen removal with the simultaneous production of electricity and fuels, thus creating new opportunities for BES to be considered as an integral wastewater treatment. In this paper, we present a general point of view of the different applications of this technology with the focus on new developments for the production of chemicals production. Particular examples are also presented, which were obtained in our laboratories with the use of pilot plants at different scales: Results of organic matter removal of various liquid effluents and preliminary data of the simultaneous removal of carbon and nitrogen in a pilot microbial electrolysis cell of more than 100 L along with a 60 L aerobic reactor for ammonium oxidation. The treatment of wastewater with a low organic matter load in a MEC system resulted in a reduction near 80% or total organic carbon (TOC). For the highest load tested the TOC reduction reached a value near 90%.
Muscolo Adele
Mediterranea University, Italy
Title: Recalcitrant agriculture waste to produce biogas and amendments
Time : 13:05-13:25
Biography:
Muscolo A graduated in Biological Sciences (MSc) and has completed her PhD in Food Science at the Policlinic Federico II University of Naples, Italy. In 1988, she started her professional career as researcher at Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria where she is still working as Professor. Since 1990, she is reviewer for scientific international journals and since 2008 she is evaluator of national and international projects for European Community and Funding Research Agencies. She is examiner of international PhD dissertation. She published more than 180 papers in international journals with IF and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of many international journals. Additionally, she is Associate Editor for JFR.
Abstract:
Biomass represents a useful resource, whose value is related to the chemical and physical properties of its molecules. Agriculture wastes and livestock manures are highly polluting and difficult to dispose of, with a high cost for farmers. Thus, their anaerobic digestion could be a reliable way to use refuse as resource producing economic benefit. Biogas technology, also known as anaerobic digestion (AD) technology, can be considered a competitive process for reducing the rate of climate change and global warming managing biodegradable waste streams to produce renewable energy and nearly stable residue (digestate), in a sustainable way. While biogas represents an ascertained useful source of renewable energy, the digestate ever-increasing production induces problems related to its sustainable discharge. Consequently, use of waste to produce biogas has to be associated to a sustainable disposal of digestate for being economically and environmentally competitive with the fossil fuels. To achieve these aims, the following objectives were designed: 1) to evaluate if recalcitrant agriculture wastes (olive wastes and citrus pulps), mixed in different proportions with livestock manures, milk serum and maize silage produce biogas different in composition; 2) to characterize the obtained digestates, each separated in liquid and solid fractions; (3) amending fields with the liquid (L) and solid fractions (S) of the two digestates to evaluate growth and productivity of cucumis sativus. The biogas produced from both plants contained 55% of methane, but the digestates coming from both plants were chemically and qualitatively different. In particular, the digestate from plants fed with animal manure (Fattoria, F) as principal waste had less total phenols and fatty acids minor COD and BOD, but a greater amount of nutrients than that coming from the digester filled mainly with agricultural wastes (ULIVA, U). In addition, chemical and biological differences between solid and liquid fractions were also found. The solid fraction (SF) of Fattoria had less total phenols, fatty acid, but major amounts of nutrients and organic matter respect to LF and SU. Conversely, SU had less fatty acids and total phenols than LU, but higher than SF. Additionally, SU contained less K, Mg and NH4 than LF and LU. The data related to the growth and quality of cucumber evidenced that the digestates increased the growth in terms of weight, length and diameter of cucumber. As not expected, cucumber amended with digestates particularly with liquid fractions, produced fruits with a higher percentage of dry matter and greater antioxidant properties, in particular with higher free radical inhibition capacity, total polyphenol, ascorbic and citric acid contents in respect to plants not amended. In contrast, the parameters linked to the perception quality like peel color, lightness and brightness were lower than in not amended plants. In short, integrated waste recycling practices can drive profit and reduce cost: animal and recalcitrant agricultural wastes, may represent a great resource in the production of biogas with high methane percentage, and of organic fertilizer. The smart utilization of agricultural wastes has the potential to provide new revenue streams, to crop producers and food processors, while creating new sources of clean renewable energy and chemicals that do not compete with food production. If fully developed, these mechanisms can not only decrease waste and environmental degradation, but provide cost-savings and increased profits.
Hesham Ali
Florida International University, USA
Title: Evaluation of Cracking Resistance and Durability of 100% Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Mixtures
Time : 13:25-13:45
Biography:
Hesham Ali recieved his Ph.D. in Civil Engineering from the City University of New York. He is a professor and the director of the Green Paving Laboratory at Florida International University. Ali held senior level positions in Florida Department of Transportation for approximately 10 years. He also has published over 30 papers on pavement and geotechnical engineering.
Abstract:
Cracking resistance and durability of rejuvenated asphalt mixtures containing 100% Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) was studied through binder and mixture tests. In-place recycled pavements often have a high content of RAP material. In order to achieve successful recycling, it is necessary to ensure that the recycled pavement has good initial performance and its performance does not drop too quickly over time. This study looks at the cracking resistance of rejuvenated binders and mixtures and investigates the changes in this parameter over a pavement’s life. The Pressure Aging Vessel was used to simulate the long-term aging of the binders. Cracking resistance of binders was characterized by their creep stiffness and m-value, obtained from Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) test. Four samples of artificially aged and then rejuvenated binders were tested for their BBR parameters after standard and extended aging. Also, two virgin binders were used as controls. The cracking resistance of the mixtures was tested by the Texas Overlay Test. Two rejuvenated mixtures and two virgin asphalt control mixtures were used. To investigate the changes in the cracking resistance, the Accelerated Pavement Weathering System (APWS) was employed to simulate long-term environmental aging. Results from both binder and mix testing indicated that rejuvenated binders and mixtures had significantly better cracking resistance than virgin binders and new mixtures. The resistance of rejuvenated mixtures dropped slightly faster than new mixtures when aged by the APWS. Results from this experience confirmed that properly rejuvenated binders could potentially provide good cracking resistance for the recycled pavement.
Chuan Chen
Harbin Institute of Technology, China
Title: Enhanced bio-sulfur recovery with high carbon to nitrogen ratios under micro-aerobic condition using denitrifying sulfide removal process
Time : 14:25-14:45
Biography:
Chuan Chen has completed his PhD at the age of 29 years from Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) and postdoctoral studies from University of Calgary from 2013 to 2014. He is Associate Professor of HIT at present, and has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
Denitrifying Sulfide Removal (DSR), which simultaneously degrades sulfide, nitrate and organic carbon, has increasingly gained attention as the key unit in industrial wastewater treatment. Its stable operation depends by autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria close cooperation. The low treatment efficiency with high C/N molar ratio, which cause heterotrophic denitrifiers more vigorous, was seen as a burden on DSR engineering application and a problem to be solved. In this artical, 12 groups of batch tests were conducted with different C/N molar ratios (1.26/1, 2/1 and 3/1) and two S/N molar ratios (5/6 and 5/8) under anaerobic or micro-aerobic condition. Less than 50% sulfide was removed from the anaerobic bottles and no sulfur transformation was observed at the end, because high C/N molar ratios can enhance the activity of sulfur reducer, resulting in the sulfur produced from sulfide oxidation reduced to sulfide again. This phenomena didn’t get much better with the use of different S/N molar ratios. Nevertheless, 100% sulfide removal was gained under micro-aerobic condition (DO<0.2) in which sulfide chemical oxidation only accouted for less than 5%. Whereafter, continuous expanded granular bed reactor was employed to further vertify the enhancing effect of micro-aerobic condition. Results showed that sulfide removal efficiency reached peak performance at 70% and 55% of total sulfur was recoverd . This performance was nearly twice as much as anaerobic environment overall. We speculated that applying micro-aeration can inhibit herterotrophic denitrifiers’ activity and make DSR technology handle industrial wastewaters with high C/N ratios
Jin Hyung Lee
Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology, South Korea
Title: Pretreatments of lignocellulosic wastes for producing value added products
Time : 14:45-15:05
Biography:
Jin Hyung Lee received his MSc and PhD degrees in Environmental Science and Engineering from Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Rep. Korea in the year 2003 and 2007, respectively. He is a Senior Scientist of Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology. He has published more than 32 papers in reputed journals and 2 book chapters.
Abstract:
This study will present several pretreatment methods for improving the production of value added products from lignocellulosic wastes. Lignocellulosic biomass consists of mainly cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin and partially inorganics and additive. Each component could be raw materials for producing value added products. However, the barrier to the use of lignocellulosic wastes is its recalcitrance. Therefore, specific pretreatment processes should be involved before production process. Firstly, planetary mill pretreatment was used to improve biofuel production. This pretreatment method does not need washing and detoxification process. By the use of only planetary mill pretreatment, we obtained 84% of glucose conversion efficiency without biomass loss and, finally, 6.91 g/L of butanol production which was higher than cultures grown in a typical lab media (P2). Secondly, the lignin component in the lignocellulosic biomass was used to produce porous carbon electrode. To improve the formation of the porous carbon electrode, chemical pretreatment was performed to improve lignin content. After KOH activation, the carbon electrode showed 2,234 m2/g of surface area. Finally, three acidic solutions, sulfuric acid, hydrogen chloride and oxalic acid, and one ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, were used to improve biosilica purity and porosity. Even though rice husk usually contains 12~20% of silica, low purity and porosity are bottleneck in its use. All chemicals were effective to improve ash contents. However, the use of sulfuric acid and ionic liquid led the increase of silica purity, more than 99.5%. Typically, porosity of silica was increased about two times when ionic liquid was used.
Eyob Habte Tesfamariam
University of Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
Title: Use of the SWB-Sci model for nitrogen management in sludge-amended land
Time : 15:05-15:25
Biography:
Eyob Habte Tesfamariam has completed his PhD from University of Pretoria. He is an agricultural systems modeler and a lecturer of soil physics and irrigation management in the Department of Plant Production and Soil Sciences at the University of Pretoria. He has published more than 10 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as reviewer of various national and international journals of repute.
Abstract:
Process-based computer simulation models are often used as reasoning support tools to integrate the complex processes involved in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of the SWB-Sci model as a reasoning support tool for sludge management in agricultural lands, and use the validated model to assess the long-term agronomic and environmental implications of water availability and crop intensity on sludge-amended land. The model was calibrated for the test crops, maize (Zea mays Pan6966) and oats (Avena sativa L.), using data collected during the 2004/05 growing season from irrigated plots at the East Rand Water Care Works, Gauteng, South Africa. Model validation was performed using independent data sets collected during the 2004/05 to 2007/08 growing seasons. The model was successfully calibrated for maize and oats as all the statistical parameters were within the prescribed ranges [index of agreement (d)>0.8; relative mean absolute error (MAE%)<20%; coefficient of determination (r2)>0.8]. The model predicted nitrate leaching and crop N uptake reasonably well (d>0.85, MAE%≤14%, and r2>0.8), with slight overestimation of TDM and GY N uptake by 11–57 and 4–48 kgha-1, respectively. Long-term model simulations indicate that fixed sludge application rate recommendations generated from laboratory incubation studies may in the long-term result in spontaneous excessive nitrate leaching below the active root zone during high rainfall events, if recommendations do not consider N contribution from soil organic matter. Modelling also showed that leaving room for rain during each irrigation event may minimize the risk of nitrate leaching.
Juma Haydary
Slovak University of Technology, Slovakia
Title: Thermochemical recycling of municipal solid waste
Time : 15:25-15:45
Biography:
Juma Haydary has completed his PhD at the Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Slovakia. From 1999, he has worked at different positions at the Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering at this University. At present time, he is an Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering at the Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering. He has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals, 4 books and textbooks and more than 80 papers in proceedings of national and international conferences.
Abstract:
In this work, recycling of municipal solid waste (MSW) by thermochemical methods such as pyrolysis and gasification was studied. A fraction of MSW generally separated from inorganic materials and biodegradable components, so called refuse-derived fuel (RDF), was studied by material characterization methods, laboratory scale experiments and modeling of industrial scale processes. Composition of RDF was determined by the separation of a representative sample into its basic components (paper, foils, hard plastics, textiles), which were homogenized by grounding in a cryogenic mill. All components of RDF and also a representative mixed sample of RDF were studied by thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), elemental analysis and bomb calorimetry to determine the kinetics of thermal decomposition, proximate and elemental composition, heat of the reaction and higher heating value. The pyrolysis and gasification experiments were performed in a laboratory scale screw type reactor. The amount and composition of all product yields (solid, liquid, gas) were measured. Industrial scale gasification and pyrolysis processes were studied by mathematical modeling and computer simulation. All processes, pyrolysis, gasification with air, gasification with oxygen and gasification with both oxygen and steam were investigated under different conditions. RDF conversion of 100% was achieved by gasification with air at the air to RDF mass ratio of 3:2. However, the gas heating value was only 4:4 MJ/Nm3. Gasification of RDF using oxygen enables producing a gas with the heating value of around 10 MJ/Nm3 at the oxygen to RDF mass ratio of 0:65. By increasing the steam to RDF mass ratio, the content of H2 and CO2 increased, however, the content of CO, reactor temperature and gas heating value were decreased.
Gopu Venugopala Reddy
Team Labs and Consultants, India
Title: Innovative Zero Liquid Discharge based Effluent Treatment System for API industry Clusters in India
Time : 16:20-16:40
Biography:
Gopu Venugopala Reddy is a professional environmental consultant for the past 25 years, with academic background of industrial chemistry. He is associated with most of the major API manufacturing units by providing consultancy services to them. Tummeda Ravikiran is a chemical engineer with over 7 years of experience in environmental consultancy, dealing mainly with environemental impact assessment reports for API industry. Meka Vasudeva Reddy is an Environmental engineer with over 20 years of experience in API industry, and is a pioneer in developing zero liquid discharge system.
Abstract:
The pharmaceutical industry in India is estimated to be US $ 26 billion, with exports of US $ 13 billion annually, to about 100 countries. Active Pharma Ingredient (API) is the active compound with medicinal properties and is a constituent of formulations. Hyderbad, the capital city of Telangana state in India is the hub of API manufacturing in South India, with over 400 manufacturing units concentrated in 6 industrial estates surrounding the city. The effluent streams from these units are difficult to treat with conventional treatment systems, due to high COD, and dissolved solid concentration in the effluents. The treatment systems evolved over the past 25 years, to arrive at a zero liquid discharge based treatment system wherein treated wastewater is reused in the plant utilities like boiler and cooling towers. The zero liquid discharge based treatment system consists of primary treatment followed by stripper, multiple effect evaporator (MEE) and agitated thin film dryer (ATFD). The stripper condensate which contains concentrated organics is sent to cement plants for co-processing, while MEE and ATFD condensate are sent to biological treatment system to be treated along with lean streams of effluents like utility blow downs, and domestic wastewater. The treated wastewater from biological treatment system are passed through reverse osmosis (RO) system to obtain permeate which is reusable in utilities, and reject which is sent to MEE for evaporation. The operational expenditure of the treatment system is due to maintenance, steam usage, electricity, chemicals and salaries. An innovative approach of utilizing the steam for power generation followed by usage of return steam for operation of stripper, MEE and ATFD will increase the viability of treatment systems and statutory compliance. This model facilitates viable common effluent treatment plants (CETP) for various API industry clusters in India.
Ben Mansour
University of Sfax, Tunisia
Title: Electroflotation process for the wastewater recycling
Time : 16:40-17:00
Biography:
Ben Mansour has completed his Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering Process from University of Chemical Technology - Mendeleev –Moscow in 1995 and the Academic Empowerment in Chemical Engineering-Processes from the University of Gabes – Tunisia in 2007. His Subject area and expertise is units operations, bubble hydrodynamics and transfer in the electroflotation column. He is affiliate in Research laboratory of Applied Fluid Mechanics, Process Engineering and Environment - Science Faculty of Sfax Tunisia. He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as reviewer for many journals in chemical process area.
Abstract:
Electroflotation is a type of bubble columns. It is the electrochemical version of traditional dissolved air flotation. It is characterized by its mechanism of oxygen and hydrogen bubble formation due to water electrolysis. Electroflotation presents several advantages: - Silent process which does not require large amount of energy. - High removal efficiency of suspended solids. - High COD abatement rate by native oxygen bubbles formed at the anode. - Possible control of mass and size of bubble produced by simple adjustment of current density. - Possible use of solar energy as a power source. In this context and as a first step, our research team focused on electroflotation as water treatment process. Many applications were performed successfully on real industrial wastewaters with good results in both batch and continuous regime. Theoretical study of oxygen transfer and also bubble hydrodynamics in such bubble unit is therefore very useful to optimize the process of electroflotation. In this context, several studies also focused on different parameters which affect the mass transfer coefficient Kla such as agitation, temperature, nature of the regime (batch or continuous), current density applied to the electrodes of the unit. These studies allow us to better understand and optimize the phenomena of oxygen transfer. On the other hand, the effect of physicochemical characteristics of liquid phase on the hydrodynamics of the unit was also done. Of course, the knowledge and characterization of hydrodynamics are essential for several reasons. In fact, identifying areas of transition between laminar and turbulent regime can help us to optimize the process in case of use as water treatment process. In addition, the knowledge of hydrodynamic parameters such as bubble diameter or gas retention will also allow a better understanding of mass transfer phenomena.
Ayoup M Ghrair
Royal Scientific Society, Jordan
Title: Use of greywater in production of mortar and concrete
Time : 17:00-17:20
Biography:
Ayoup M Ghrair holds a PhD degree in Geochemistry and Nanomaterial/Soil Science and Land Evaluation from Hohenheim University/Stuttgart-Germany. Currently, he is working at the Royal Scientific society. He is interested in Materials Science and Environmental Study. He published over 20 publications, conferences and booklet in international journals and has two patents. He was awarded from DAAD (2004-2009). In addition, He has been funded for scientific research in environmental issues form five organizations (SRTD I, SRTD II, SRSF, HMCSR, USAID, NSF). He has strong scientific networking on national and international level.
Abstract:
Currently, ready mix concrete is one of the most common construction materials. Concrete can be considered as one of the largest water consumer. The actual Jordanian need of cement is about 4.5 Mt/y. Around 3.7 Mm3/y of fresh water is needed to prepare ready mix concrete. Recently, the problem of water shortage in Jordan has become worse as a result of high population growth, influxes of refugees. Therefore, wastewater treatment and reuse for ready mix concrete industry is a high priority and rational action. This study will evaluate and investigate the potential of substitution of fresh water by treated wastewater partially or totally to produce ready mix concrete in Jordan. Raw greywater and treated greywater samples were collected from greywater filtration pilot plant in Jordan valley and analyzed. Control mortar and concrete mix were designed. Greywater was utilized for separate mixes. The other components of mixtures were kept constant as those in the control one except water type. Cured mortar and concrete specimens for each mix were tested at 7 days age as strength indication, while the other specimens were tested at 28 days to obtain compressive strength. The mortar and concrete compressive strength results obtained at 7 days moist curing time represent no significant differences. At 28 days, treated greywater mortar and concrete samples show significant increase in compressive strength on contrary the raw greywater achieved negative impact on compressive strength. In conclusion, treated greywater is a potential alternative for fresh water in ready mix concrete industry.
Benahmed Djilali Adiba
University of Mouloud Mammeri of Tizi Ouzou, Algeria
Title: On the valorization of agro resource of Tizi Ouzou: Extraction for pectin from melon rinds and their application
Time : 17:20-17:40
Biography:
Benahmed Djilali Adiba has completed his PhD from Algeria University of Boumerdes. He is currently a Teacher at the University of Mouloud Mammeri of Tizi-Ouzou.
Abstract:
The main objective of this work was to study the valorization of agricultural wastes and byproducts of food in our country; we opted for extracting pectin from melon rinds. Pectins are a very useful class of active ingredients and are identified as multifunctional compounds with several pharmacological activities. Pectin yields obtained using aluminum sulfate and aluminum chloride as precipitating agents is 6.916% and 9.166% respectively. The pectins IR spectra obtained revealed that these pectins have two broad absorption bands at 3400 cm-1 and 3396 cm-1 which seems to correspond to the type of vibration ν elongation of the hydroxyl group (OH). The presence of peaks at about 1740 cm-1 and 1269 cm-1 appears to correspond to the C=O bonds of the uronic acids and esters. The bands found in the pectins extracted with aluminum sulfate (1743 cm-1) and (1239.15 cm-1) can be attributed to sugars or non-esterified acid that especially are found in pectins. Pectins precipitated by aluminum sulfate showed a microstructure similar to those of commercial pectins. These substances could be a primary source for the development of new products for many industries.
Victor Wilson-Corral
Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Mexico
Title: Innovative alternatives to recycling mine wastes in the XXI Century
Biography:
Victor Wilson-Corral completed his PhD at Centro de Estudios Justo Sierra (CEJUS), Mexico in 2008. In 2011, he completed a postdoctoral period of research at the Institute of Agriculture and Environment-Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. He is Senior Lecturer at Mines and Metallurgy Area of Culiacan Faculty of Engineering at Autonomous University of Sinaloa since 2009. He has published papers in reputable journals and serves as a reviewer board member for journals published by at Elsevier and Taylor and Francis.
Abstract:
Modern mining operations produce vast waste streams that compel planning and informed decision-making in matters relating to waste reduction, resource recovery, waste disposal and environmental protection. A sustainable future for the mining industry should include effective strategies for the reuse and recycling of waste streams. The enormous costs associated with the removal of pollutants from mine wastes using traditional physicochemical remediation technologies have stimulated the development of innovative biological techniques to extract or to stabilize soil pollutants. One innovative alternative suggested for the management of these wastes is the use of specific plant species. Reuse of waste can be considered as a remediation strategy and it is within this context that the concept of phytotechnology can be considered as a step towards sustainable development. The potential for gold phytoextraction (phytomining) has been clearly shown by the extensive record of published laboratory and greenhouse studies; and reports of field trials to date suggest the promise of an economic return. The profitability of this technique also has been suggested for metals such as silver, nickel, thallium and rhenium. Recent studies have shown that the gold and copper average concentrations in plant tissues, when plants are cultivated on mine wastes, can be as high as 55 and 120 mg/kg, respectively and there is an economic case for operation at these concentrations. Environmental benefits with the recycling of mine wastes are a key factor for the phytotechnologies application when metals such as copper (phytoremediation) are removed from these substrates.
Biography:
Uwe Waller is a Marine Biologist leading the aquaculture research and development activity at the University of Applied Sciences in Saarbrücken (Germany). He became a member of the faculty of engineering after 30 years of fundamental marine research at the Institut für Meereskunde in Kiel (Germany). His research is interdisciplinary/transdisciplinary and focuses on multi-trophic aquaculture/agriculture of animals, plants, and microalgae. He is supporting the development of novel biotechnologies for recycling of energy and matter in aquaculture. His results are internationally observed because they show opportunities for future environmentally sound and sustainable aquaculture/agriculture production.
Abstract:
Aquaculture continues to increase production because the supply from capture fisheries does not satisfy the demand of the growing human population. Beyond that, the climate change affects conventional aquaculture production systems that are connected with the biosphere. The area of conflict embraces hazardous environmental conditions, possibly caused by the aquaculture itself, extreme meteorological situations, or industrial disasters. The environmental impact of aquaculture is always in focus of science, stakeholders, and politics. A major milestone is the development of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) that are operating independently from environments. A worldwide unique project of HTW Saar is the large marine fish farm near Saarbrücken. This project proves the feasibility of urban aquaculture. In an experimental scale, RAS production is already linked to agriculture production. RAS technology opens windows for the reuse of dissolved nutrients that are generated in aquaculture production processes. A source of valuable nutrients becomes available for agriculture, i.e. fruit and vegetable gardening as well as large scale production of microalgae. While vegetable gardening supplies food, microalgae are industrial raw material. The application includes pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. A promising field is the next generation of biofuel, if sustainable sources of nutrients are allocated. RAS aquaculture has special potential because it delivers nutrients dissolved in its process water. The nutrients can selectively be transferred to autotrophic production that is based on solar radiation. An aspect of decisive importance is the management of the material flows. Circular production depends on the coupling of processes and requires novel model based process technology.
Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri
University of São Paulo, Brazil
Title: Soil Carbon for multiple ecosystem benefits: Positive examples from Brazil
Biography:
Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri obtained BS in Agricultural Engineering at the Universidade de São Paulo and PhD on the topic, Tropical Ecosystem Functioning. As a Post-Doc, he worked three years for an international project funded by the Global Environment Facility/UNEP. Presently, he is a Professor at the Soil Science Department at ESALQ/USP, where he teaches three courses for undergraduate students and four disciplines for Master’s and PhD students. His main lines of research are related to soil organic matter dynamics in tropical regions, mathematical modeling applied to soil science, soil properties spatial variability and global climate change.
Abstract:
Agriculture provides food, fibers and energy, which have been the foundation for the development of societies. Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) plays an important role in providing essential ecosystem services that historically have been reduced to plant nutrient availability, and agricultural management was driven for obtaining maximum benefits of this soil function. SOC, as part of the soil organic matter, comprises several fractions, such as the light fraction, microbial biomass, water-stable organics, and humus. It is considered one of the most useful indicators of soil quality, because it interacts with other numerous soil components, affecting water retention, aggregate formation, bulk density, pH, buffer capacity, cation exchange properties, mineralization, sorption of pesticides and other agrichemicals, color (facilitate warming), infiltration, aeration, and activity of soil organisms. It is the interaction of the various components of a soil that produces the net effects and not organic matter acting alone. According to recent concepts, sustainable land use must be assessed in terms of its impact on the SOC pool. There are several examples for SOC management for multiple benefits in Brazil, with new soil management techniques attempting to reverse this trend by increasing SOC stocks. One example is the zero tillage which has the advantage of reducing CO2 emissions from the soil and thus preserving or augmenting SOC stocks. Another positive example is the adoption of no-burning harvest of the vast sugarcane area in Brazil, which also contributes to reduced CO2 emissions, leaving crop residues on soil surface helping the conservation of essential plant nutrients and improving water storage.
Javier Miguel Ochando Pulido
University of Granada, Spain
Title: On the adequate selection and operation of a membrane module based on olive mill feedstream fingerprints characterization
Biography:
Javier Miguel Ochando-Pulido is a young but active researcher in the membrane field. He completed his undergraduate studies in the University of Granada (Spain), and afterwards received a State Grant from the Science and Innovation Spanish Ministry to do his PhD thesis on olive mill effluents reclamation, in the Chemical Engineering Department of the University of Granada. During his Post-graduate studies, he also received a State Grant from the Science and Innovation Spanish Ministry to enjoy a research stay period in the Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Rome “La Sapienzaâ€. Currently, he works as Talent Hub Postdoctoral Researcher (VII European Framework Program) in the Department of Biosystems and Environment Chemical Engineering of the University of Lisbon.
Abstract:
The application of membrane technology in improving the quality of the secondary-treated olive mill wastewater (OMWST) was examined, to obtain an effluent with good quality for its reuse in irrigation. One key issue that must be taken into account is to avoid or minimize membrane fouling potential, and this starts from the very first moment of the membrane selection. Choosing the most adequate membrane module is one of the keys for the success of the membrane process at real industrial scale. For this purpose, a deep analysis of the feedstream must be fulfilled, with a focus on particle molecular weight cut off and size distribution, both inorganic and organic. As a general rule, one of the most critical ways of membrane fouling, blocking of the membrane’s pores tends to be reduced when particles mean size is shifted from one tenth above or below the average pore diameter of the membrane. In this work, characterization of the fingerprints of OMWST was performed to choose the most adequate membrane for final purification of the effluent. Particle size distribution on OMWST revealed supra-micron colloids and suspended solids plus sub-micron particles below 1.5 µm remain in sensible concentration. 31.7% organic pollutants percentage with an average diameter below 3 kDa was measured. Finally, upon the gathered information, a nanofiltration (NF) membrane with 0.5 nm mean pore diameter was selected, and operation at 15 bar pressure lead to high flux production (70-80 L h-1m-2) and significant rejection efficiencies (88.5% for organic pollutants).
Anna Liza S Bais
Alpen-Adria Universtity, Austria
Title: Assessing resource efficiency gains and CO2 emission reductions of cascading in the wood sector in the European Union
Biography:
Anna Liza S Bais holds a double Master degree in Forestry and Nature Conservation from Wageningen Universtiy and European Forestry from the Universtiy of Eastern Finland under the Erasmus Mundus Programme. She is currently a PhD candidate at the Institute of Social Ecology, Alpen-Adria University in Vienna, Austria. She is also part of the CASTLE (Careers in Sustainability Excellence) project funded by the European Union’s programme called Marie Curie Actions.
Abstract:
In recent years, wood energy has regained importance due to the concern on increasing human-induced climate change, mainly caused by the combustion of fossil fuels. Wood biomass is increasingly promoted by governments as a carbon-neutral source of energy, based on the idea that for biomass, only the amount of carbon previously absorbed in the course of plant growth will be released to the atmosphere. The European Union set an ambitious and strict 20% renewable energy target by 2020, where wood –based energy plays a significant role in its strategies to expand the use of bioenergy. In consequence, the consumption of modern use of woodfuels (e.g. wood pellets and wood for heat and electricity) increased significantly in the EU in the past years. Bioenergy is not just the primary industrial use of wood biomass resources. Biomass is also widely used for various industrial processes for the production of pulp and paper, construction materials, furniture, among other uses. Wood biomass is also increasingly used as feedstocks for biomaterials due to the growing interest in the so called “bioeconomy†(i.e. an economy in which biomass displaces petroleum and other conventional materials). The increase in the consumption of bioenergy, in line with the growing interest in bioeconomy strategy might lead to an increased pressure on wood biomass resources and the forest ecosystem. Maximizing the efficiency of wood biomass conversions along the life cycle of wood products by the cascading use (i.e. the prioritization of wood biomass for higher added-value products, and as material input over energy use) of biomass can contribute to alleviate this increased pressure. This paper will present results of the current and potential resource efficiency gains based on established global biomass account and GHG emission reductions by utilization of recycled wood waste materials (i.e. post-consumer wood and paper wastes) for the manufacture of paper, paperboard and particleboard .
Tingyu Zhu
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Title: Applications of carbide slag in the wet desulfurization process for flue gas
Biography:
Xiaolong Liu was born in 1987 in Henan province, P. R. China. He received has BS from Tongji University in 2008. Then , He completed has MS and PHD from Zhejiang University in 2010 and 2013, respectively. Now, he works in Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences as an assistant professor. He has published more than 12 papers in reputed journals. His research interests are focused on the waste solid management and the air pollution control technologies.
Abstract:
In China, the output of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) reached to 13.7 million tons, and nearly 80% of the production used the calcium carbide method. Meantime, 20 million tons of carbide slag was obtained as waste solid in the production of PVC. The extremely rough disposition of stacking and being open to the sky has not only occupied precious land but also polluted the earth and shallow groundwater. Besides, numerous industrial processes emitted great amount of SO2 and other pollutants. Under the background of waste solid and air pollution control, we developed a wet desulfurization process for flue gas using carbide slag as desulfurizing agent. Double tower absorption technology was used. The desulphurization efficiency was more than 96% with the utilization rate of desulfurizer being above 90% by optimizing the feeding speed, water circulation, and the oxidation and crystallization of calcium sulfite. The technology has been applied in some chemical plants in the middle and western China, where the calcium carbide process majorly distributed.
Tao Zhang
China Agricultural University, China
Title: Phosphorus recovery from animal manure wastewater by advance oxygen process coulped modified biochar adsorption
Biography:
Tao Zhang has completed his PhD from Nanjing University. He is an associate professor and the deputy dean of Department of Environment Science and Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University. He has been a visiting scholar in Arizona State University in 2014. He is director of Water Treatment and Recycling Committee of Chinese Society for Environmental Sciences. He has published 30 papers in reputed journals and has been authorization 13 patents.
Abstract:
The loss of phosphorus (P) not only results in water eutrophication but also relate to non-renewable P resources waste. Recently, P recovery from animal manure wastewater has attracted interest. However, there are two main problems inhibit P recovery from animal manure wastewater. Firstly, large amounts of organic phosphorus (mainly referring to phytic acid P) cannot be directly recover, but must be converted into inorganic phosphorus. Secondly, due to many kinds of substances contained in animal manure wastewater, high selectivity methods towards P should be developed. In our work, advance oxygen processes, such as ultrasound, microwave, H2O2, ultrasound/H2O2, microwave/H2O2, were performed to promote P dissolution and transformation. The results indicate that advance oxygen processes were efficient for P release into treated supernatant. The synthesis modified biochar was used to high selectivety recover P from the treated supernatant. The P adsorption by modified biochar followed pseudo second-order kinetics and was mainly controlled by chemical reactions. The Langmuir-Freundlich model matched the experimental data best for P adsorption. The maximum amount of P adsorbed was in the range of 220 to 326 mg/g. The process was endothermic, spontaneous, and showed an increase in disorder at the solid-liquid interface. Postsorption modified biochar continually releases P and is most suitable for use in soil environment as fertilizer.
Biography:
Doron Lavee holds a PhD in Public Economics from the Ben-Gurion University and is an Associate Professor at the Economic and Management Department at Tel-Hai College. He also serves as an adjunct lecturer at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and as Partner and General Manager of Pareto Group Ltd. He is a well-known expert in economics and environmental policy and management, including waste management and policy. Prof. Lavee has conducted many studies and analysis that led to public policy changes and the establishment of new and advanced standards in infrastructure and environmental issues.
Abstract:
This study presents an analysis of the factors influencing the recycling potential of municipalities in Israel, including population size and density, geographic location, current waste levels, and current waste management system. We employed a standard regression analysis in order to develop an econometric model to predict where potential for economically efficient recycling is highest. By applying this model to readily available data, it is possible to predict with close to 90% accuracy whether or not recycling will be economically efficient in any given municipality. Government agencies working to promote advanced waste management solutions have at their disposal only limited resources and budget, and so must concentrate their efforts where they will be most effective. The paper thus provides policy-makers with a powerful tool to help direct their efforts to promote recycling at those municipalities where it is indeed optimal.
Omer Damdelen
Girne American University, Cyprus
Title: Improving the usage of Recycled Coarse Aggregate in Sustainable Building Concrete for Thermal Mass
Biography:
Omer Damdelen has completed his PhD at the age of 25 years from Kingston University and he was working as Lecturer and Material engineer in Sustainable Concrete Laboratory at Kingston Unuversity. After that He worked as Civil Engineer in CGR Group Company Ltd. (UK). Now He is Assistant Professor in Civil Engineering Department at Girne American University. He is the coordinator of MSc Construction Management and also lecturer in GAU. He has published 1 book, 3 papers in reputed journals and 2 conference paper in scientific events.
Abstract:
In recent years, in a drive construction industry for more environmental-friendly, better solutions to manage demolition wastes (C&D) were explored. Recycled coarse aggregates are hard inert materials mostly provided from construction and C&D. Construction materials are highly criticized by their ecological properties. Concrete recycling achieves importance because it provides to minimize the applying natural resources and minimizes the required for disposal by applying the readily available concrete as an aggregate source for modern concretes. On the other hand, one of the challenges in sustainable development is to optimize the energy efficiency of buildings during their lifespan. Nowadays the applying of different types of cement materials in modern concretes provide low embodied CO2 with the intrinsic property called “thermal mass†that reduces the risk of overheating in the summer and provides passive heating in the winter for buildings. Specially, GGBS can be improved the thermal properties hence Thermal mass of Sustainable concrete. The combination of GGBS and RCA content concrete can be useful for building concrete. The results contribute to the examination of the thermal dynamic properties performance in Sustainable Concrete.
Khaoula Masmoudi
Center for Water Research and Technologies (CERTE), Tunisia
Title: Comprative Life Cycle Assessment of Thin Film Fixed Bed Reactor (TFFBR) and Coagulation -Flocculation process for textile waste water treatment for reuse purposes
Biography:
Khaoula Masmoudi is a Tunisian chemical engineer and PhD student at the Center for Water Research and Technologies (CERTE) in Tunisia, and at the technical university of Berlin in frame of a sandwich model thesis. Awarded two times by a scholarship from the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) she conducted her thesis in the department of Environmental Process Engineering in TU Berlin where she investigated full scale plants (MBBR) for grey water treatment situated in Berlin for modeling and environmental analysis purposes.
Abstract:
Nowadays, the increasing demand for fresh water obliged the international community to react rapidly and find effective solutions to overcome this problem. The implementation of sustainable development strategies all over the world reflects the growth of awareness about different changes in our environment such as the climate change which was the subject of the conference of parties (COP 21) in Paris in December 2015. 195 parties were met in order to develop a universal agreement able to maintain a warming of 2°C until 2100 [1].This tense situation governed by the increase of the pollution, made that wastewater recovery and reuse using innovative technologies environmentally friendly is widely encouraged. The textile industry is among the industries which have a harmful impact on the environment since it requires the use of high volume of water and chemical products. According to the Agency for the promotion of industry and innovation (API) in Tunisia, the textile industry is the leader sector in terms of the total number of companies 32% and job offers 34%. The goal of this Life Cycle Assessment study was to assess the environmental benefits and drawbacks of an advanced oxidation process (AOP) which is the TFFBR used for the treatment of textile effluent in comparison with a coagulation flocculation process. The life cycle impact assessment is carried out based on the ISO 14040 series of standards using the software SimaPro 8 (Pre Consultants BV), the Ecoinvent database and the CML method which includes ten impact categories for the environmental assessment related to the climate change/global warming, depletion of abiotic resources, acidification, eutrophication, and human toxicity. The results shows that the environmental performance of TFFBR is much better than the coagulation-flocculation process. Thus, the environmental impact of TFFBR is about 86 to 99% lower depending on the impact category, with the exception of Abiotic depletion potential, for which it is 45% lower. Concerning the coagulation-flocculation process, the stage of production of the chemicals presents the highest contribution, compared to the production of electricity and transport, being responsible of more than 95% of the whole impact in all impact categories.
Nafiseh Dakhili
Iran University of Science and Technology, Iran
Title: Chloride removal from the secondary source of zinc
Biography:
Nafiseh Dakhili has completed his Master at the age of 25 years from Iran University of Science and Technology with Thesis in Subject: Recovery of Zinc from the Final Slag of Steel’s Galvanizing Process by Pyro and Hydro Metallurgical Treatments and with GPA: 15.03 (out of 20). Thence she works as Commercial Manager at Faragostar Altoon production and commerce company. she has 6 papers which prestented at international coneferenses.
Abstract:
Zinc containing wastes/secondaries such as zinc ash, dross, flue dusts, sludge, residue etc. are generated in various chemical and metallurgical industries. The materials contain different level of impurities depending on the source. If zinc content material, like zinc ash and zinc slag, contains various amounts of chlorides like zinc chloride, zinc oxy-chloride, which comes from ammonium chloride and other chloride fluxes used by galvanizers, the chloride content has to be removed for the evaluation of this secondary resource for recovery as zinc metal or zinc oxide. The results (of the galvanizing slag’s treating that left after some pyrometallurgical prosses) indicate that roasting at 800 °C for 30 min, followed by alkali washing treatment, at 70 °C for 45 min by 1/6 solid/liquid ratio and 1.5 times the stochiometric amount, will useful for chloride removal with 94% efficiency.
Phu Ho Dai
University of Technology, Vietnam
Title: Research typical application using biological sludge, control and evaluation of heavy metals in fertilizers brewed from biological sludge for rice
Biography:
Phu Ho Dai has graduated from University of Technology in Environment-Environmental Management (2014). He is currently working as Police of Environment in Vietnam and pursuing Masters of Environment from University of Technology, Vietnam.
Abstract:
The study showed that the process of anaerobic decomposition contract by mesophilic composting method for efficiently handling heavy metals very well (over 60%). With the use of compost from bio sludge with 3% for rice, in addition to the ability to support the growth of the rice plant body length in the seedling stage (13.8%), the environment has cumulative expression levels of heavy metals Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Ni. Most heavy metals are concentrated in the soil and vegetation does not appear in the aquatic environment. Specifically, the amount of soil to accumulate Cu, Zn is the largest and rise through the service; plant in Cu, Zn, Pn, Ni, order accumulation of heavy metals in rice roots>leaves>body>seed. Especially the presence of heavy metals Ni=0.31 mg/kg, Zn=19.7 mg/kg in grain capable of causing bioaccumulation for users. A different result, as the metal in fertilizer only accumulate in the soil and vegetation to limit the exposure of pathways on the environment fell from 14 to 8 road route of exposure.