Recycling

Biography

Biography: Awf Al-Kassir

Abstract

Biomass residues with more than 50% moisture content cause operational problems of combustors and reduce efficiency. Also, higher moisture contents lead to high CO and volatile organic compound emissions, mainly in smaller combustion units. Using dry biomass in a combustion systems results in lower emissions, reduced fuel use, improved boiler efficiency, increased heat production, reduced ancillary power requirements. The main purpose of the drying process is to reduce moisture content of the wet biomass. The choice of dryers will depend on the characteristics of the wet biomass material, the source of heat and the integration options available. The heat sources and temperatures for drying are important considerations. Flue gas is an efficient source of the heat. A method of calculation for thermal drying has been developed for the design of a direct contact dryer for biomass residues. A heat source of dryer will be flue gasses of the existing biomass boiler. The model input data are inlet temperatures and the flow rates of gas and biomass residues. An experimental facility has been developed and built in order to measure the temperatures inside the dryer along time. The results obtained indicated that an optimal dryer length of approximately 0.95m has been calculated for an inner diameter of 0.13m. The gasification of biomass for energy production purpose leads to minor CO2 emissions. In the gasification experiments of biomass 10 g of vine shoot were treated at three temperatures (650, 750 & 800ºC) in air atmosphere. Once the optimal temperature (800ºC) was selected, the wine shoot remnants were gasified by using an air stream of 200 ml/min and different residence times (8 and 50 minutes, respectively). In our case, the total amount of vine shoots produced yearly in Extremadura reaches 87725 Tons, so a volume of 1.91*107 m3 of H2 may be obtained annually. Multiplying by its Lower Heating Value, yields to H2 energy potential of 205766 GJ per year. Keeping in mind Doubling's Law, a total power of 30.01 MW could be obtained. Considering a yield of 21% for the solid phase obtained in the gasification process. The energy potential of the carbons could be obtained by multiplying by its HHV.